Financial Markets and Economy Insights for May 2025
Barrett Benson

Tariff Uncertainty: A Rollercoaster Ride

Throughout April, U.S. financial markets encountered significant volatility, predominantly driven by new tariffs and retaliatory measures. The month kicked off with a sharp decline in major stock indexes, as the Dow dipped into correction territory and the Nasdaq Composite entered a bear market. Later in the month, however, there was some tariff relief as investor concerns began to ease slightly, bringing a semblance of calm.

Inflation Metrics: Signs of Moderation

April offered a beacon of hope amid volatile markets, as there were marked signs of moderating inflation. The Consumer Price Index (CPI) for March revealed an annual inflation rate of 2.4%, a slight decline from previous readings. Core CPI and Core PCE metrics echoed this cooling trend, suggesting a potentially softer inflation outlook. Although tariffs continue to loom, these inflation indicators offer some positive news.

Stock Market Performance: A Positive Turnaround

Major U.S. stock indexes closed April off their lows, despite the tariff-induced volatility early in the month. By month's end, the S&P 500 had a marginal decline of 0.76%, while the Nasdaq 100 rose by 1.52%. The Dow, however, registered a decrease of 3.17%. The earnings season highlighted strong performances, most notably from Meta and Microsoft, further bolstering recovery sentiments towards May.

Labor Market Performance: Surpassing Expectations

Despite economic headwinds, the labor market demonstrated resilience. April's job data showed the creation of 177,000 jobs, surpassing expectations, and the unemployment rate held steady at 4.2%. The healthcare sector led job creation, supporting consistent labor market performance.

GDP Contraction and Retail Dynamics

Q1 GDP data indicated a contraction at an annualized rate of 0.3%, primarily due to policy uncertainties. Nevertheless, retail sales witnessed an upswing, driven largely by heightened consumer activity in anticipation of future price rises. Consumers demonstrated a clear urgency for purchasing, especially in motor vehicles, resulting in a 1.4% sales increase in March. As we move into May, the financial landscape maintains a focus on upcoming earnings reports and the Fed's meeting scheduled for May 8. The sentiment has shifted slightly towards optimism, yet the potential impacts of tariffs and policy changes remain significant. Investors are encouraged to stay informed and connected with their financial advisors to navigate these uncertain waters effectively. Reach out to our financial team for personalized guidance and support.